Xhumana Nathi ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngosayizi
Amapayipi Ensimbi Angenamthungo e-API 5L X52/X60/X65/X70/X80 | Amapayipi Epayipi e-SMLS kawoyela negesi
| Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5LImininingwane Yomkhiqizo | |
| Amabanga | I-API 5L Ibanga B, X42, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
| Izinga Lokucaciswa | I-PSL1, i-PSL2 |
| Ububanzi Bobubanzi Bangaphandle | 1/2” kuya ku-2”, 3”, 4”, 6”, 8”, 10”, 12”, 16”, 18”, 20”, 24” kuya ku-40”. |
| Ishejuli Yokujiya | I-SCH 10. I-SCH 20, I-SCH 40, I-SCH STD, I-SCH 80, I-SCH XS, kuya ku-SCH 160 |
| Izinhlobo Zokukhiqiza | I-ERW engenamthungo, ehlanganisiwe, i-SAW ku-LSAW, DSAW, SSAW, HSAW |
| Uhlobo Lokuphela | Iziphetho ezigobile, Iziphetho ezicacile |
| Ibanga Lobude | I-SRL, i-DRL, ama-20 FT (amamitha ayi-6), ama-40 FT (amamitha ayi-12) noma, ngokwezifiso |
| Izigqoko Zokuvikela | ipulasitiki noma insimbi |
| Ukwelashwa Okuphezulu | Upende Owemvelo, Ovarnished, Omnyama, i-FBE, i-3PE (3LPE), i-3PP, i-CWC (Isisindo Esimboziwe Esiqinile) i-CRA Embozwe noma Enemigqa |
Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5L leBanga BIshadi Losayizi
| Ububanzi Bangaphandle (OD) | Ubukhulu Bodonga (WT) | Usayizi Wepayipi Elijwayelekile (i-NPS) | Ubude | Ibanga Lensimbi Liyatholakala | Uhlobo |
| 21.3 mm (0.84 in) | 2.77 – 3.73 mm | ½″ | 5.8 m / 6 m / 12 m | Ibanga B – X56 | I-Seamless / ERW |
| 33.4 mm (1.315 in) | 2.77 – 4.55 mm | 1″ | 5.8 m / 6 m / 12 m | Ibanga B – X56 | I-Seamless / ERW |
| 60.3 mm (2.375 in) | 3.91 – 7.11 mm | 2″ | 5.8 m / 6 m / 12 m | Ibanga B – X60 | I-Seamless / ERW |
| 88.9 mm (3.5 in) | 4.78 – 9.27 mm | 3″ | 5.8 m / 6 m / 12 m | Ibanga B – X60 | I-Seamless / ERW |
| 114.3 mm (4.5 in) | 5.21 – 11.13 mm | 4″ | 6 m / 12 m / 18 m | Ibanga B – X65 | I-Seamless / ERW / SAW |
| 168.3 mm (6.625 in) | 5.56 – 14.27 mm | 6″ | 6 m / 12 m / 18 m | Ibanga B – X70 | I-Seamless / ERW / SAW |
| 219.1 mm (8.625 in) | 6.35 – 15.09 mm | 8″ | 6 m / 12 m / 18 m | X42 – X70 | I-ERW / I-SAW |
| 273.1 mm (10.75 in) | 6.35 – 19.05 mm | 10″ | 6 m / 12 m / 18 m | X42 – X70 | I-SAW |
| 323.9 mm (12.75 in) | 6.35 – 19.05 mm | 12″ | 6 m / 12 m / 18 m | X52 – X80 | I-SAW |
| 406.4 mm (16 in) | 7.92 – 22.23 mm | 16″ | 6 m / 12 m / 18 m | I-X56 – X80 | I-SAW |
| 508.0 mm (20 in) | 7.92 – 25.4 mm | 20″ | 6 m / 12 m / 18 m | X60 – X80 | I-SAW |
| 610.0 mm (24 in) | 9.53 – 25.4 mm | 24″ | 6 m / 12 m / 18 m | X60 – X80 | I-SAW |
Chofoza Inkinobho Kwesokudla
I-PSL 1 (Izinga Lokucaciswa Komkhiqizo 1): Kwamapayipi akhiwe ngezinga lekhwalithi elijwayelekile eliyisisekelo.
I-PSL 2 (Incazelo Yomkhiqizo Izinga 2): Ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zemishini eziphakeme, izilawuli zamakhemikhali eziqinile kanye ne-NDT, imininingwane enamandla kakhulu.
| Into | I-PSL1 | I-PSL2 | Amanothi |
| Ukulawulwa Kokwakheka Kwamakhemikhali | Imikhawulo ejwayelekile ku-C, Mn, P, S | Imikhawulo eqinile, i-P ne-S ephansi; ukulawulwa okwengeziwe kwe-microalloy element kuvunyelwe | I-PSL2 ifaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphansi kanye nezingcolisayo |
| Amandla Okukhiqiza (i-MPa) | Ngokusho kwencazelo yebanga | Kufana ne-PSL1; iphakeme kancane kwezinye izinsimbi zezinga eliphezulu | Izidingo eziyisisekelo zemishini ziyafana |
| Amandla Okudonsa (i-MPa) | Ngokusho kwencazelo yebanga | Kufana ne-PSL1 | |
| Ukwelulwa (%) | Ngokusho kwencazelo yebanga | Kufana ne-PSL1 | |
| Umthelela Wokushisa Okuphansi (i-Charpy V-Notch) | Imfuneko yokuzikhethela noma yokusetshenziswa kokugcina | Kuphoqelekile; ngokuvamile kuhlolwa ku--20°C noma ku--50°C | Kuthuthukisa ukuqina emazingeni okushisa aphansi |
| Ukushibilika | Ihlangabezana nezimfuneko ezijwayelekile | Ukuhlolwa okuqinile nokukwazi ukushibilika kuvame ukudingeka | I-PSL2 idinga ukusebenza okuphezulu kokushisela |
| Ukubekezelelana Okulinganiselwe | Ibanga elijwayelekile | Okuqinile | I-PSL2 inokulawula okuqinile ububanzi kanye nobukhulu bodonga |
| Ukulawula Amaphutha / i-NDT | Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile; i-UT/RT ayidingi ukuzikhethela | I-UT/RT/MPI ephoqelekile | Iqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphezulu kwepayipi |
| Indawo Yokusebenza | Ukuthuthwa kwepayipi okuvamile | Amapayipi anomfutho ophezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, futhi agqwalisayo | I-PSL2 ikhethwa kakhulu kumaphrojekthi anezidingo zokuphepha eziphezulu |
| Izindleko | Kuphansi kakhulu | Kuphakeme kancane | Ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuqinile kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza |
| Ibanga le-API 5L | Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko Zemishini (Amandla Okukhiqiza) | Izimo Ezisebenzayo Emazweni AseMelika |
| Ibanga B | ≥245 MPa | Amapayipi egesi yemvelo aphansi eNyakatho Melika; Amapayipi amancane okuqoqa uwoyela eMelika Ephakathi |
| X42/X46 | >290/317 MPa | Amapayipi okunisela ezolimo aseMidwestern yase-US; amagridi kagesi asemadolobheni aseNingizimu Melika |
| I-X52 (Eyinhloko) | >359 MPa | Amapayipi kawoyela we-shale waseTexas; Amapayipi okuqoqa uwoyela negesi aseBrazil ogwini; Amapayipi kagesi yemvelo adlula umngcele wePanama |
| X60/X65 | >414/448 MPa | Amapayipi esihlabathi sikawoyela aseCanada; Amapayipi okucindezela okuphakathi kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu eGulf of Mexico |
| X70/X80 | >483/552 MPa | Amapayipi kawoyela ahamba ibanga elide ase-US; amapulatifomu kawoyela negesi emanzini ajulile aseBrazil |
Ukuhlolwa Kwezinto Ezingavuthiwe– Khetha futhi uhlole ama-billet noma ama-coil ensimbi asezingeni elihle.
Ukwakha– Pheqa noma ubhoboze ube yipayipi (Elingenamthungo / ERW / SAW).
Ukushisela–Amajoyinti angaphakathi kwamapayipi enziwa ngokushisela ngokumelana nogesi noma ngokushisela nge-arc engaphansi kwamanzi.
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa- Thuthukisa amandla nokuqina ngokushisa okunembile.
Usayizi Nokuqondisa– Shintsha ububanzi bepayipi bese uqinisekisa ukuthi usayizi ulungile.
Ukuhlolwa Okungonakalisi (NDT)– Hlola amaphutha angaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ukuhlolwa Kwamanzi– Hlola ipayipi ngalinye ukuze ubone ukuthi linamandla futhi livuza.
Ukugqoka Okungaphezulu– Faka ungqimba lokuvikela ukugqwala (i-varnish emnyama, i-FBE, i-3LPE, njll.).
Ukumaka Nokuhlola– Maka imininingwane bese wenza ukuhlolwa kokugcina kwekhwalithi.
Ukupakisha Nokulethwa– Paka, beka, bese uletha ngezitifiketi zokuhlolwa kwe-Mill.
Ihhovisi Lesevisi Yendawo Elikhuluma ISpanishi: Inkampani yethu engaphansi ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezikhuluma iSpanishi, inikeza ulwazi oluhle kakhulu futhi iqinisekisa inqubo engcono kakhulu yokungenisa.
Isitoko Esithembekile: Sigcina isitokwe esanele ukuze sigcwalise izidingo zakho ze-oda ngokushesha.
Ukupakisha Okuphephile: Amapayipi asongwa kahle futhi avalwe ngezendlalelo eziningi ze-bubble wrap ukuvimbela ukuguquka nomonakalo ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha.
Ukulethwa Okusheshayo Nokusebenza Kahle: Ukulethwa kwamanye amazwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zakho zokulethwa kwephrojekthi.
Isiqinisekiso Sokupakisha
OkwethuAmapayipi ensimbi e-API 5Lzifakwe ama-pallet (ama-pallet enziwe ngokhuni afakwe i-IPPC okuyindinganiso yaseMelika Ephakathi futhi ahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo ze-phytosanitary zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe), bese zigoqwa ngezingqimba eziyisithupha zepulasitiki. Ipayipi lakho lipakishwe ngazinye ngezingqimba ezintathu zama-membrane angangeni manzi ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu ehlathini lemvula elishisayo aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi umswakama awukwazi ukungena. Ifulegi elivikelayo lepulasitiki elinamandla aphezulu kanye ne-plug kufakwa emaphethelweni amabili epayipi ukuvimbela uthuli, ukungcola kanye nezinto zangaphandle ukungena ekuthuthweni nasekugcinweni endaweni, ukuze kugcinwe umkhiqizo uhlanzekile futhi ungaphazamiseki. Ingxenye ngayinye yepayipi inesisindo esingamathani angu-2-3, usayizi ofanele kanye nesisindo sama-crane amancane avame ukutholakala ezindaweni zomsebenzi zaseMelika Ephakathi, lokhu kwenza ukuphathwa okuphephile kanye nokwakhiwa okuphumelelayo.
Imininingwane Eqondiwe
Ubukhulu be-ISO: ubude obujwayelekile buyimitha eyi-12, bufanelekela ukulayishwa kwamakhonteyina kanye nokuthuthwa kwezinto kwamanye amazwe.
Izinketho Zobude Obufushane: 8' kanye no-10' kumaphrojekthi atholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo eGuatemala naseHonduras lapho ukuthuthwa komhlaba kulinganiselwe khona.
Izinketho eziningana- siyazivumelanisa nezidingo zakho! Imininingwane eminingi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zephrojekthi ngendlela eguquguqukayo futhi iqinisekise ukuthi izinto zokuhamba kanye nokusebenza kahle kokwakha kulula.
Isevisi Yombhalo Ohlala Kuwo Wonke
Emzamweni wokwenza kube lula ukususwa kwentela okuphumelelayo kanye nokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi kumakhasimende ethu emakethe yaseMelika Ephakathi, sinikeza isitifiketi esiphelele sokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe kanye nemibhalo yezinto ezibonakalayo mahhala, njengokuthi:
Isitifiketi Sokuqala (Ifomu B)
Isitifiketi Sokuhlola Izinto ze-MTC
Umbiko Wokuhlolwa kwe-SGS
Uhlu lokupakisha
I-invoyisi yezentengiso
Ngaphezu kwalokho, siyaqinisekisa ukuthi noma yimuphi umbhalo onephutha noma olahlekile uzokhishwa kabusha zingakapheli amahora angama-24, okuqinisekisa ukuthi iphrojekthi ngeke ibhekane nokubambezeleka okwengeziwe.
Amalungiselelo Ezokuthutha Ochwepheshe
Uma ukuthunyelwa sekuthunyelwe, izimpahla zizolethwa kumthwali ongathathi hlangothi ngendlela yokuhlanganisa ezokuthutha zomhlaba nolwandle, ezokuthutha zizobe ziphephile futhi zithembekile. Nazi izindlela eziyinhloko zokuthutha kanye ne-ETA:
IShayina → IColon, ePanama: ~izinsuku ezingama-30
IShayina → IManzanillo, eMexico: Cishe Izinsuku ezingama-28
IShayina → ILimon, eCosta Rica: ~izinsuku ezingama-35
Uma kunesidingo sephrojekthi, sinikeza izinsizakalo zokuhamba ezimfushane ukusuka emachwebeni kuya ezindaweni zikawoyela noma ezindaweni zomsebenzi. Isibonelo, nomlingani wendawo wezokuthutha ePanama TMM, sinikeza izixazululo zezokuthutha kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni, siletha izinto zephrojekthi ngesikhathi esifanele nangendlela ephephile.
1. Ingabe amapayipi akho ensimbi e-API 5L asesikhathini samanje emakethe yaseMelika?
NgokuqinisekileI-API 5LAmapayipi ensimbi ahambisana ngokugcwele ne-API 5L 45th Revision yakamuva okuyiyona kuphela uhlelo olwamukelekayo yiziphathimandla eMelika (e-US, eCanada naseLatin America)? Aphinde ahambisane nezindinganiso zobukhulu ze-ASME B36.10M kanye nezindinganiso zendawo ezifana ne-NOM eMexico kanye nemithethonqubo yezindawo zokuhweba ezikhululekile ePanama. Zonke izitifiketi (i-API, i-NACE MR0175, i-ISO 9001) zingahlolwa kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni.
2. Ungawukhetha Kanjani Usayizi Ofanele Webanga Lensimbi le-API 5L Lephrojekthi Yami (isibonelo: X52 vs X65)?
Khetha umfutho wakho, isilinganiso kanye nendawo yephrojekthi: Ukusetshenziswa komfutho ophansi (≤3MPa) njengokunisela ngegesi kamasipala kanye nezolimo, iBanga B noma i-X42 kuyonga imali. Ukudluliselwa kukawoyela/igesi ngomfutho ophakathi (3–7MPa) emasimini asogwini (isibonelo, i-Texas shale), i-X52 iyindlela eguquguqukayo kakhulu. Kumapayipi anomfutho ophezulu (≥7MPa) noma amaphrojekthi asogwini (isibonelo, amasimu ajulile aseBrazil), i-API 5L X65/I-API 5L X70/I-API 5L X80Zinconywa futhi ngenxa yamandla aphezulu okukhiqiza (448–552MPa). Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lizokunikeza isincomo samahhala sezinga ngokuya ngemininingwane yephrojekthi yakho.
Imniningwano Yokuxhumana
Ikheli
Indawo yezimboni zokuthuthukiswa kweKangsheng,
Isifunda saseWuqing, idolobha laseTianjin, eChina.
I-imeyili
Ucingo
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