Izindaba - Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-W Beams: Ubukhulu, Materials, kanye Nokucatshangelwa Kokuthenga

W imishayo, ziyizici eziyisisekelo zesakhiwo kwezobunjiniyela nokwakha, ngenxa yamandla azo nokuguquguquka. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ubukhulu obuvamile, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, nokhiye bokukhetha i-W efanele yephrojekthi yakho, okuhlanganisa14x22W insimbi, 16x26W insimbi, Uhlaka lwe-ASTM A992 W, futhi nokuningi.

Ukugxumela Okujulile Ku-H-Beams Egxile ku-ASTM A992

Yini i-W beam?

I-AW beam iphrofayili yensimbi ene-"W"-shaped cross-section, eyakhiwe shaft (ingxenye emaphakathi eqondile) nama-flange amabili (izingxenye ezivundlile ezinhlangothini). Le geometry inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu ekugobeni nasekulayisheni, okuyenza ilungele ukusekelwa kwesakhiwo ezakhiweni, amabhuloho, namaphrojekthi ezimboni. Amagama athi W-beam, W-profile, kanye ne-W-beam avame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana ukuze abhekisele kulolu hlobo lwephrofayela.

Ubukhulu obujwayelekile be-W-Beam

Ubukhulu be-W-beam buchazwa ngokuphakama kwabo bonke (kukalwa ukusuka komunye umkhawulo we-flange kuya kolunye) nesisindo ngonyawo lomugqa ngamunye, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphakama kwe-flange nobubanzi ngama-shorthand. Ezinye zezilinganiso ezidume kakhulu zihlanganisa:
12x16 W Uhlaka: Cishe amayintshi angu-12 ukuphakama, isisindo samakhilogremu angu-16 ngonyawo ngalunye.
6x12 W iBeam: 6 amayintshi ukuphakama, isisindo 12 amaphawundi ngonyawo, ilungele izicelo ezincane.
14x22 W Uhlaka: Amayintshi angu-14 ukuphakama, isisindo samakhilogremu angu-22 ngonyawo ngalunye, asetshenziswa ezakhiweni ezinosayizi omaphakathi.
16x26 W Uhlaka: Kuma-intshi angu-16 ukuphakama kanye nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-26 ngonyawo, ifanele imithwalo esindayo.

Insimbi esetshenziswa kakhulu i-W-beam ihlangabezana nezinga le-ASTM A992, elichaza insimbi esebenza kahle enamandla okukhiqiza angu-50 ksi (50,000 pounds per inch square). Le nsimbi yaziwa ngokuthi:
Ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala lapho iphathwa ngemithi yokuvikela.
I-ductility yayo, evumela ukuguqulwa okulawulwayo ngaphandle kokuphuka.
Ikhono layo lokumelana nemithwalo emile neshintshayo, iyenze ilungele izindawo ezinokhahlo.
Ngaphezu kweInsimbi ye-ASTM A992, I-W-imishayo ingatholakala nakwezinye izinhlobo zensimbi, njenge-ASTM A36, nakuba i-A992 ikhethwa kumaphrojekthi amakhulu wesakhiwo ngenxa yamandla ayo amakhulu.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile Lapho Uthenga Ama-W-Beams

Chaza Izidingo Zobuchwepheshe
Imithwalo Esekelayo: Bala i-static (isisindo somuntu siqu) kanye nemithwalo eguquguqukayo (enyakazayo) uthango oluzoyisekela. Amamodeli afana ne-16x26 W-beam afanele imithwalo esindayo, kuyilapho i-6x12 W-beam ingcono ezakhiweni ezincane.
Ubude obudingekayo: Ama-W-beam akhiqizwa ngobude obujwayelekile, kodwa angenziwa ngokwezifiso kuphrojekthi ngayinye. Qiniseka ukuthi ubude angeke bubangele izinkinga zokuhamba noma zokufakwa.

Qinisekisa Okujwayelekile Nokubalulekile
Qinisekisa ukuthi i-beam ihlangabezana nezinga le-ASTM A992 uma kuyiphrojekthi enkulu yesakhiwo, njengoba lokhu kuqinisekisa izakhiwo ezifanayo zemishini.
Hlola ikhwalithi yensimbi: kufanele ibonise izimpawu zomkhiqizi ezisemthethweni kanye nezitifiketi zokuthobela izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe.

Linganisa Umhlinzeki
Uncamela abakhiqizi abanolwazi lwensimbiI-W-imishayokanye nedumela emakethe. Bheka izithenjwa futhi ubuyekeze amaphrojekthi azo adlule.

Qhathanisa amanani, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ibaluleke kakhulu kunentengo ephansi. I-W-beams yekhwalithi ephansi ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwesakhiwo esikhathini eside.

Cabangela Ukwelashwa Kwangaphandle
Ama-W-beams avezwe endaweni kufanele abe nokwelashwa kokubola, okufana nopende we-epoxy noma uthayela. Lokhu kukhulisa ukuqina kwazo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezinosawoti.

Qinisekisa Isicelo Esiqondile
Kumaphrojekthi afana namabhuloho noma amabhilidi amade, ukukhethwa kwe-W-beam kufanele kwenziwe ngokubambisana nonjiniyela wesakhiwo, ozonquma izilinganiso ezifanele nezinto ezisekelwe kumazinga wendawo kanye nezidingo zomthwalo.

Ama-W-beam ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesimanje, futhi ukukhetha kwawo okulungile kuncike ekuqondeni ubukhulu bawo (njenge-14x22 W-beam noma i-12x16 W-beam), okokusebenza (ikakhulukazi insimbi ye-ASTM A992), kanye nezidingo zephrojekthi. Lapho uthenga, beka phambili ikhwalithi, ukuhambisana nezindinganiso, kanye nesithunzi somphakeli, ngaleyo ndlela uqinisekise ukuphepha nokuqina kwesakhiwo sakho.