Ukuzalwa kwensimbi engagqwali kungalandelelwa emuva ku-1913, lapho i-metallurgist yaseJalimane u-Harris Krauss eqala ukuthola ukuthi insimbi equkethe i-chromium inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kutholakala kwabeka isisekelo sensimbi engagqwali. "Insimbi engagqwali" yasekuqaleni iyinsimbi ye-chromium, esetshenziswa kakhulu emimese nasezintweni zetafula. Ngawo-1920, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engagqwali kwaqala ukwanda. Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwe-chromium ne-nickel, ukumelana nokugqwala namandla ensimbi engagqwali kube ngcono kakhulu. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza beamapayipi ensimbi engagqwaliivuthwa kancane kancane futhi isiqalile ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini zamakhemikhali, ze-petroleum nezilungisa ukudla.
Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezokwakha ukuze kusekelwe isakhiwo, umhlobiso wangaphandle odongeni,izinsimbi nama-handrails. Ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu nokubukeka okuhle, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali afaneleka ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zangaphandle kanye nezimo zezulu zasolwandle. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi ingakwazi ukumelana nokuhlolwa kwesimo sezulu esibi, kodwa futhi kunciphisa isidingo sokunakekelwa, okwenza isakhiwo sihlale siqinile futhi sihle.
Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe bamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali buyaqhubeka buthuthuka, futhi sekuvele ama-alloys asebenza kahle kakhulu, njengesuper insimbi engagqwali amapayipi, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali amabili nokunye. Lezi zinto ezintsha zihlangabezana nezidingo zezimboni ezidinga kakhulu futhi zikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali emikhakheni eminingi. Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo izoqhubeka nokugxila ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ukuze kuphenduleke ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zezicelo kanye nezidingo zemakethe.
Izimboni zamakhemikhali nezemithi zisebenzisa amashubhu ensimbi engagqwali ukuthutha amakhemikhali nemithi kanye nokuphatha izinhlobonhlobo zoketshezi olubolayo. Udonga lwangaphakathi olubushelelezi lwepayipi yensimbi engenasici alugcini nje ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwe-liquid ohlelweni lokuthutha, kodwa futhi lusiza ukuhlanza nokukhipha amagciwane, ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwenqubo yokukhiqiza nokuphepha komkhiqizo.
Embonini yokudla neziphuzo, amashubhu ensimbi engenasici asetshenziselwa ukucubungula ukudla, ukulethwa kweziphuzo kanye nokupakisha. Izakhiwo zayo ezingenabuthi, ezimelana nokugqwala futhi okulula ukuzihlanza ziyahlanganaizidingo zebanga lokudla, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokudla kanye nenhlanzeko yenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqina kwamashubhu ensimbi engagqwali kusiza ukunciphisa imvamisa yokugcinwa nokushintshwa kwemishini.
Xhumana nathi ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-14-2024