Kuhlelo lwesimanje lwezimboni, amakhoyili ensimbi aginqike ngokushisa ayizinto eziyisisekelo, futhi ukuhlukahluka kwawo kwamamodeli kanye nokwehluka kokusebenza kuthinta ngokuqondile isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezingezansi. Amamodeli ahlukene amakhoyili ensimbi agingqike ashisayo adlala indima engenakushintshwa emkhakheni wokwakha, izimoto, amandla, njll. ngokwakheka kwawo kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile kanye nezakhiwo zemishini. Okulandelayo kuzogxila ekuhlaziyeni amakhoyili ensimbi ashisayo anesidingo esikhulu semakethe kanye nomehluko wawo omkhulu.
I-Basic Main Force: Q235B kanye ne-SS400
I-Q235B iyinsimbi yesakhiwo esinekhabhoni ephansi esetshenziswa kakhulu e-China, enekhabhoni engaba ngu-0.12% -0.20%, futhi inopulasitiki omuhle kanye nezakhiwo zokushisela. Amandla ayo okukhiqiza angu-≥235MPa futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni amafreyimu, izisekelo zamabhuloho kanye nezingxenye ezijwayelekile zomshini. Embonini yezokwakha, ama-I-beams, izinsimbi zamashaneli nezinye izinsimbi ezenziwe ngamakhoyili ensimbi agingqiwe ashisayo e-Q235B zenza ngaphezu kuka-60%, zisekela uhlaka lwamathambo engqalasizinda yasemadolobheni.
I-SS400 iyinsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni esetshenziswa emhlabeni jikelele enamandla afanayo ne-Q235B, kodwa ukulawula okuqinile kokungcola kwesibabule ne-phosphorus kanye nekhwalithi engcono yangaphezulu. Emkhakheni wokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, amakhoyili ashisayo e-SS400 avame ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye zesakhiwo se-hull. Ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle kungcono kune-carbon steel evamile, eqinisekisa ukuphepha kohambo lwasolwandle.
Abamele amandla aphezulu: Q345B kanye ne-Q960
I-Q345B iyinsimbi enengxubevange ephansi enamandla amakhulu ene-manganese engu-1.0% -1.6%, futhi amandla okukhiqiza angaphezulu kuka-345MPa. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Q235B, amandla ayo akhuphuka cishe ngo-50%, kuyilapho egcina ukushisela okuhle. Ebunjiniyela bebhuloho, amagida ebhokisi enziwe ngamakhoyili ensimbi ashisayo e-Q345B anganciphisa isisindo ngo-20%, ehlise kakhulu izindleko zobunjiniyela. Ngo-2023, ukwakhiwa kwebhuloho lasekhaya kuzodla amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-12 zamakhoyili ashisayo e-Q345B, okubalelwa ku-45% wesamba esiphelele salolu hlobo.
Njengommeleli ojwayelekile wensimbi yamandla aphezulu kakhulu, i-Q960 ifinyelela amandla okukhiqiza angu-≥960MPa ngobuchwepheshe be-microalloying (ukwengeza i-vanadium, i-titanium nezinye izakhi) kanye nezinqubo zokupholisa ezilawulwayo nezilawulwayo. Emkhakheni wemishini yobunjiniyela, ukujiya kwengalo ye-crane eyenziwe ngekhoyili egoqelwe eshisayo engu-Q960 bungancishiswa bube ngaphansi kuka-6mm, futhi umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo ukhuphuka izikhathi ezi-3, okukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okungasindi kwemishini efana nezimba kanye nama-cranes.
I-Special Benchmark: SPHC kanye ne-SAPH340
I-SPHC iwumkhiqizo osezingeni eliphezulu phakathi kwezinsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephansi ezishisayo. Ngokwenza kahle inqubo yokuginqika ukuze ulawule usayizi wokusanhlamvu, ubude bufinyelela ngaphezu kwama-30%. Embonini yezinto zikagesi zasendlini, amakhoyili agoqelwe ashisayo e-SPHC asetshenziselwa ukwakha izindlu ze-compressor zefriji. Ukusebenza kwayo okujulile komdwebo kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga elifanelekile lokwakheka kwendawo egobile lidlula ama-98%. Ngo-2024, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhoyili ashisayo e-SPHC emkhakheni wezinto zikagesi zasekhaya kuzokhuphuka ngo-15% unyaka nonyaka kuye kumathani ayizigidi ezi-3.2.
Njengensimbi yesakhiwo sezimoto, i-SAPH340 ifinyelela ibhalansi phakathi kwamandla nokuqina ngokwengeza u-0.15% -0.25% wekhabhoni kanye ne-trace boron. Ekwenzeni amafreyimu ebhethri emoto yamandla amasha, amakhoyili ashisayo e-SAPH340 angamelana nemithwalo eguquguqukayo engaphezu kuka-500MPa futhi ahlangabezane nezidingo zezinqubo zokushisela. Ngo-2023, ingxenye yamakhoyili ashisayo alolu hlobo asetshenziswa ezimotweni zasekhaya zamandla amasha afinyelele ku-70% wezingxenye zesakhiwo samabhethri.
| Imodeli | I-Yield Strength (MPa) | Ubude (%) | Izimo Zokusebenza Ezijwayelekile |
| Q235B | ≥235 | ≥26 | Izakhiwo zokwakha, imishini ejwayelekile |
| Q345B | ≥345 | ≥21 | Amabhuloho, imikhumbi yokucindezela |
| I-SPHC | ≥275 | ≥30 | Imishini yasendlini, izingxenye zezimoto |
| Q960 | ≥960 | ≥12 | Imishini yobunjiniyela, imishini ephezulu |
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngensimbi, sicela uqhubeke nokunaka noma usithinte.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-02-2025