Phakathiinkathi yoHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Lweminyaka Emihlanu, imboni yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali iye yaqhubekela phambili kancane kancane endaweni yemakethe eyinkimbinkimbi, inqoba izinselele ezifana nokuguquguquka kwentengo yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuncipha kokukhula kwesidingo, kanye nokungqubuzana kwezohwebo kwamanye amazwe, futhi yenze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni, izinga lobuchwepheshe, kanye nesakhiwo sezimboni.
I-1.Isikali samandla okukhiqiza sihamba phambili emhlabeni, futhi ukugxila kwezimboni kuye kwanda.
Ngokwemininingwane yeGatsha Lensimbi Engagqwali le-China Iron and Steel Industry Association, ngo-2024,china insimbi engagqwaliumphumela uzofinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-39.44, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngo-7.54%, okubalelwa ku-63% womkhiqizo womhlaba, okukleliswe endaweni yokuqala emhlabeni iminyaka eminingi ilandelana. Ngesikhathi "soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu" lwenkathi, ukugxila kwemboni yensimbi engagqwali yezwe lami kwaqhubeka nokukhula. Amandla okukhiqiza ahlanganisiwe amabhizinisi ahamba phambili afana ne-China Baowu, i-Tsingshan Group, ne-Jiangsu Delong abalwe ngaphezu kuka-60% wezwe, futhi umphumela wokuhlanganisa izimboni wawubalulekile.
2.Isakhiwo somkhiqizo siqhubekile nokuthuthukiswa.
Ngesikhathi "soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu" lwenkathi, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo sezinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali ezweni lami kwashesha.Phakathi kwazo, ingxenye yochungechunge lwensimbi engagqwali engama-300 inyuke isuka ku-47.99% ngo-2020 yaya ku-51.45% ngo-2024, futhi ingxenye yensimbi engagqwali eyi-duplex inyuke isuka ku-0.62% yaya ku-1.04%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ucwaningo lwezwe lami lomkhiqizo wensimbi engagqwali kanye nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenze impumelelo entsha: ngo-2020, i-TISCO Stainless Steel yakhiqiza imicu emincane eqondile engu-0.015 mm; IQingtuo Group ithuthukiswe futhi yakhiqiza ngokwezimboni ezonga futhi ezonga amandla i-duplex yensimbi engagqwali QD2001; i-Institute of Metal Research, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences kanye ne-TISCO ngokuhlanganyela bathuthukise insimbi engagqwali engu-316KD yesizukulwane sesine samandla enuzi ebonisa i-sodium-cooled demonstration fast rector; I-Northeast Special Steel isungule imichilo yamandla kazibuthe aphakeme kakhulu, amakhoyili angu-A286 aphezulu okushisa afakwe ingxubevange ukuze athathele indawo impahla evela kwamanye amazwe, insimbi entsha eqinile yemvula enamandla amakhulu i-HPBS1200 yezikhali, ingxubevange yokushisa ephezulu ERNiCrMo-3, HSRD uchungechunge olunomshini wokushisa ophakeme we-wirespressure crispressure wensimbi entsha engenasici. kanye nemigoqo yensimbi engagqwali engu-316H enosayizi omkhulu wamaphrojekthi we-reactor asheshayo angama-600 MW. Ngo-2021, i-Jiugang yathuthukisa i-ultra-high carbon martensitic steel stainless 6Cr13 yama-razor asezingeni eliphezulu, yaphula ukubusa kwamanye amazwe; I-TISCO yethule umugqa wokuqala emhlabeni wokunemba wensimbi engagqwali engu-0.07 mm kanye nomcu wokunemba okungenasici; I-Qingtuo Group yethule insimbi yokuqala yasekhaya engenawo umthofu engenawo umthofu engenawo umthofu equkethe insimbi engagqwali ye-ultra-pure ferritic ukuze ikhiqizwe ngobuningi ekukhiqizeni ithiphu lepeni, nokusebenza kwayo kokusika, ukumelana nokugqwala nokuzinza kukayinki nezinye izinkomba zobuchwepheshe zihola eChina. Ngo-2022, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali e-Fushun Special Steel's urea-grade SH010 aphasisa isitifiketi se-EU futhi athola ukushintshwa kwasekhaya; Ipuleti le-TISCO le-SUS630 lensimbi engagqwali eligoqelwe ngempumelelo lixazulule ngempumelelo inkinga "yebhodlela" yemboni yebhodi lesifunda ephrintiwe yezwe lami; IQingtuo Group ithuthukise i-high-nitrogen austenitic insimbi engagqwali i-QN2109-LH yokugcina izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu le-hydrogen. Ngo-2023, i-TISCO's super ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel TFC22-X izolethwa ngamaqoqo ezinkampanini ezihamba phambili zamaseli kaphethiloli asekhaya; izithiyo zokuphahlazeka komgwaqo ezenziwe ngezinto ezintsha ze-Beigang i-GN500 zensimbi engagqwali ziphumelele izinhlobo ezintathu zokuhlolwa kwangempela komthelela wemoto; Insimbi engagqwali enamandla amakhulu kanye neyongayo ye-Qingtuo Group izohlinzekwa ngamaqoqo kumaphrojekthi okwakha asenziwe ngaphambili. Ngo-2024, kuzokwethulwa imikhiqizo yomhlaba yobubanzi obubanzi neyunithi enkulu ye-lanthanum equkethe i-iron-chromium-aluminium izokwethulwa ku-TISCO, kanye ne-ultra-supercritical power station key key component material C5 eyakhiwe yi-TISCO-TISCO Steel Pipe-Iron and Steel Research Institute izokwenziwa endaweni ngempumelelo. I-TISCO izokhiqiza ngobuningi ngempumelelo ingxubevange ye-ultra-pure precision precision 4J36 ecwecwe yamapuleti imaski futhi ikhiqize ngempumelelo amakhoyili agingqiwe ashisayo anesisindo esiwubukhulu obukhulu kanye nobubanzi obubanzi angu-N06625 we-nickel-based alloy; I-Ideal Auto kanye ne-Qingtuo Group ethuthukiswe ngokuhlanganyela amandla aphezulu kanye nensimbi engagqwali eqinile izophuma emgqeni wokukhiqiza; I-Taishan Steel's Zibo Stainless Steel Application Innovation Base Project-iphrojekthi yokuqala yezwe yensimbi engagqwali eyenziwe ngokwezifiso yokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esiluhlaza izoqedwa.
3.Izinga lezinto zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe lihamba phambili emhlabeni jikelele, futhi ukuguqulwa okuhlakaniphile kuyakhula ngesivinini.
Njengamanje, imishini yezobuchwepheshe yemboni yensimbi engagqwali yezwe lami isifinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe kusukela ekuqalisweni, ekugayeni kuya ekusungulweni okuzimele. I-TISCO Xinhai Base yamukela i-RKEF esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi enokuncintisana kakhulu emhlabeni (isithando somlilo esingaphansi kwamanzi) + Inqubo ye-AOD (isithando somlilo se-argon oxygen), esanda kwakha amafurnase e-AOD angu-2 × 120-ton, umshini we-2 × 1 1-stream imishini yensimbi engagqwali engu-2 yokuqala emhlabeni wonke, i-5'0 yomhlaba wonke. isigayo sekhoyili yesithando sozimele esiphindwe kabili sokukhiqiza insimbi engagqwali, kanye nesanda kwakha amayunithi okuhlanganisa i-asidi eshisayo engu-1×2100 mm + 1×1600 mm; I-Qingtuo Group yakha ulayini wokuqala wokukhiqiza wamapuleti aphakathi nendawo nowugqinsi wokuqala emhlabeni. Mayelana nokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile, ifektri yesikhathi esizayo ye-Shangshang Desheng Group izuze ukuxhumana okungenamthungo phakathi kwemishini nezinhlelo zolwazi ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuklama zedijithali nobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile.
4.Inqubo yokwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe yochungechunge lwemboni yensimbi engagqwali yezwe lami iye yashesha.
Ngesikhathi "soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu" lwenkathi, imboni yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali izokwakha i-nickel iron kanye nezitshalo ze-ferrochrome ezindaweni zezinsiza ze-nickel-chromium. Izinkampani zaseChina ezifana neChina Steel kanye neMinmetals zitshale imali ezinsizakalweni zechromite eNingizimu Afrika, Zimbabwe nakwezinye izindawo. Izinkampani ezimbili ezinkulu zinamathani acishe abe yizigidi ezingama-260 kanye namathani ayizigidi ezingama-236 ezisetshenziswa ze-ferrochrome ngokulandelana kwazo. Amaphrojekthi we-Indonesian ferronickel we-Qingshan Weida Bay Industrial Park, i-Zhenshi Group, i-Taishan Steel, i-Liqin Resources nezinye izinkampani afakwe ekukhiqizeni ngokulandelana, futhi i-ferronickel isihlinzekwe emakethe yasekhaya. I-Qingshan Indonesian i-nickel matte yezinga eliphezulu ihlinzekwa emakethe yasekhaya futhi isiqalile ukukhiqizwa kwezentengiselwano kwe-nickel ecolisisiwe. Ukuhlolwa okushisayo kwephrojekthi edidiyelwe yokuncibilikisa yensimbi engenasici ye-Xiangyu Group yamathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.5 e-Indonesia kube yimpumelelo. I-Jiuli Group ithole inkampani yaseJalimane yekhulunyaka ubudala i-EBK ukuze iqhubeke nokwandisa imakethe yamazwe ngamazwe yamapayipi ayinhlanganisela.
1.Izinga eliphezulu lokuthembela kwangaphandle ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kanye nezingozi ezivelele zochungechunge lokunikezela.
Imithombo ye-nickel sulfide ore yezwe lami yenza u-5.1% wengqikithi yomhlaba, futhi izinqolobane zayo ze-chromium ore zenza u-0.001% kuphela wengqikithi yomhlaba. Ethintwa yilokhu, izinsiza ze-nickel-chromium ezidingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe insimbi engagqwali cishe zincike ngokuphelele ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe. Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engagqwali kwezwe lami kuqhubeka kwanda, ukuthembela kwawo ezinsizeni ze-nickel-chromium kuzokhula, okusongela ukuphepha kwemboni yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali.
2.Ukungqubuzana phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nesidingo kuye kwaqina, futhi inzuzo yenkampani ingaphansi kwengcindezi.
Ngesikhathi "soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu" lwenkathi, amandla okukhiqiza insimbi engagqwali yezwe lami aqhubeka nokukhula, kodwa izinga lawo lokusebenzisa amandla lehla. Ekupheleni konyaka wezi-2020, umthamo kazwelonke wokukhiqiza insimbi engagqwali wawungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-38, kanti izinga lokusebenzisa amandla lalicishe libe ngama-79.3%; ekupheleni konyaka wezi-2024, umthamo kazwelonke wokukhiqiza insimbi engagqwali wawungaba amathani ayizigidi ezingama-52.5, futhi izinga lokusebenzisa amandla lehla laya cishe ku-75%, futhi kwakusengaphezu kwamathani ayizigidi ezi-5 ngaphansi kokwakhiwa (okuhleliwe) eShayina. Ngo-2024, inzuzo iyonke yemboni yensimbi engagqwali yezwe lami yehla, yazulazula eduze komugqa wokulinganisa. Ukuqothuka nokuhlelwa kabusha kwe-Jiangsu Delong Nickel Industry kanye nokuthengiswa kokulingana kwe-Posco e-Posco Zhangjiagang yi-Posco eseNingizimu Korea konke kuwukubonakaliswa kwesimo esibucayi sale mboni. Ukuze kugcinwe ukugeleza kwemali nokugcina ukukhiqizwa okuzinzile, imboni yensimbi engagqwali inikeza isimo "samanani aphansi nokukhiqiza okuphezulu". Ngaso leso sikhathi, amazwe nezifunda ezihlanganisa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-60 ezimakethe ezifunwa ngabathengi phesheya kwezilwandle zethule izinqubomgomo eziningi zokuvikela uhwebo emikhiqizweni yensimbi engagqwali yezwe lami, okube nomthelela omkhulu ebhizinisini lezwe lami lokuthekelisa ngaphandle kwensimbi engagqwali.
3.Imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu isadinga ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, futhi amakhono okuqamba adinga ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha.
Njengamanje, imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi isabala ingxenye enkulu yemikhiqizo yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali. Kwezinye izindawo ezibalulekile, ikhwalithi yezinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali zisadinga ukuthuthukiswa. Eminye imikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali enembayo ephezulu isenzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sasekhaya futhi isadinga ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, njengamazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye namashubhu omlilo asebenza nge-hydrogen enomfutho ophezulu kanye nokushintshisana kokushisa.amashubhu angenasici, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye ne-high-pressure hydrogen esebenza ngamapayipi enqubo anobubanzi obukhulu, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ye-urea-grade kanyeamapuleti ensimbi engagqwali, amapuleti okushintsha ukushisa adinga ukucutshungulwa kwevolumu enkulu yokuguqulwa, kanye namapuleti abanzi nawugqinsi anezimo zokusebenza ezinokhahlo eziphezulu noma ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
4.Ukukhula kwesidingo akwanele, futhi izindawo zezicelo ezisafufusa zidinga ukuthuthukiswa.
Njengoba umnotho wezwe lami ungena kokujwayelekile, ukukhula kokukhiqizwa kwendabuko kwehla, futhi isidingo sensimbi engagqwali siyehla ngokufanele. Ikakhulukazi, izimboni ezifana namakheshi nezimoto zibuthakathaka ikakhulukazi ekukhuleni kwesidingo ngenxa yokugcwala kwezimakethe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa. Ukwengeza, isidingo sensimbi engagqwali ezimakethe ezisafufusa njengezimoto zamandla amasha kanye nemishini yezokwelapha akukakakhululwa ngokugcwele, futhi umfutho wokukhula kwesidingo usuwonke awanele.
Ngokombono wamathuba, imboni yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali njengamanje ibhekene namathuba amaningi entuthuko.Okokuqala, ezingeni lenqubomgomo, izwe liyaqhubeka nokugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni yokukhiqiza. Ayethulanga nje kuphela uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokusekela uguquko oluluhlaza nohlakaniphile embonini yensimbi engagqwali, kodwa futhi yaphoqelela amabhizinisi ukuthi asheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe kusukela ezingeni lenqubomgomo, okwenza imboni ifinyelele impumelelo ekongiweni kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukungcola, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo, njll. Ngokukhuthazwa okujulile kwesidingo sekhwalithi ephezulu, ukwakhiwa okuhlangene kwe-Southeast Road kanye nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esihlangene se-Southast Asia "Beat the Asia" iMpumalanga Ephakathi kanye nezinye izifunda kukhule kakhulu, kwadala amathuba okuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo emazweni angaphandle kanye nokuhlelwa kwamandla okukhiqiza phesheya kwezilwandle amabhizinisi ezwe lami ensimbi engagqwali. Okwesibili, mayelana nokusha kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuhlanganiswa okujulile kobuchwepheshe bolwazi lwesizukulwane esisha njenge-AI (ubuhlakani bokwenziwa) kanye nedatha enkulu ngokukhiqizwa kwensimbi engagqwali kukhuthaze ngempumelelo imboni ukuthi iqhubekele phambili ekukhiqizeni okuhlakaniphile. Kusukela ekutholeni okuhlakaniphile kuya ekuthuthukiseni ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kuya ekucubunguleni ukulingisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukusungulwa okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kuba amandla ayinhloko okuthuthukisa imboni yensimbi engagqwali kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza komkhiqizo. Okwesithathu, emkhakheni wezidingo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, izimboni ezisafufusa njengezimoto zamandla amasha, amandla e-hydrogen, namandla enuzi ziye zadlondlobala, okwenza kube nesidingo esinamandla sensimbi engagqwali esebenza kahle kakhulu, njengamapuleti ensimbi engagqwali angagqwali futhi aqhubayo adingekayo ezinhlelweni zamangqamuzana kaphethiloli, nezinto ezikhethekile zokugcina i-hydrogen endaweni yokushisa ephansi kakhulu. Lezi zimo zezicelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zivule indawo entsha yemakethe yemboni.
Ngokombono wezinselele, izinselele njengamanje imboni yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali ebhekene nazo zithuthukiswe ngokuphelele.Okokuqala, mayelana nokuncintisana kwezimakethe, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwamandla okukhiqiza asekhaya kanye nokukhululwa kwamandla okukhiqiza aphesheya kwezilwandle avela phesheya njenge-Indonesia kuye kwaholela emqhudelwaneni oshubile emakethe yomhlaba wonke yensimbi engagqwali. Izinkampani zingase zinyuse "impi yentengo" ukuze ziqhudelane ngesabelo semakethe, zicindezele amamajini enzuzo embonini. Okwesibili, ngokwezingqinamba zensiza, izintengo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile ezifana ne-nickel ne-chromium zinyukile ngenxa yezinto ezifana ne-geopolitics nokuqagela kwemakethe, futhi ubungozi bokuphepha bochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla bukhule kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lokugaywa kabusha kwensimbi engagqwali aluphelele, futhi ukuncika kwangaphandle kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kusephezulu, okwandisa ingcindezi yezindleko zamabhizinisi. Okwesithathu, mayelana noguquko oluluhlaza, izithiyo zohwebo ezifana ne-EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) zikhuphula ngokuqondile izindleko zokuthekelisa, futhi nezinqubomgomo zokulawula ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okubili kwasekhaya ziya ngokuya ziba namandla. Amabhizinisi adinga ukukhuphula utshalomali ekuguquleni ubuchwepheshe okonga amandla kanye nokushintshwa kwamandla ahlanzekile, futhi izindleko zoshintsho ziyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka. Ezimweni zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, amazwe athuthukile avame ukukhawulela ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali yezwe lami egameni "lemigoqo eluhlaza" kanye "nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe", kuyilapho amazwe nezifunda ezifana neNdiya kanye neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia zithatha izintambo zokudluliselwa kwamandla okukhiqiza asezingeni eliphansi ngezinzuzo zazo zezindleko. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, indawo yemakethe yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali ibhekene nengozi yokuguguleka.
1.Gxila ekuqeqesheni nasekuthuthukisweni okusezingeni eliphezulu
Izinkampani ezihamba phambili zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-Sandvik yase-Sweden kanye ne-ThyssenKrupp yaseJalimane sekuyisikhathi eside zigxile emkhakheni wensimbi engagqwali esezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokuthembela eminyakeni yokunqwabelana kobuchwepheshe, bakhe imigoqo yobuchwepheshe ezigabeni zemakethe njengensimbi engagqwali engamelana nemisebe yezinto zamandla enuzi kanye nezinto ezinamandla kakhulu ezingasindi ze-aerospace. Ukusebenza komkhiqizo wabo kanye namazinga enqubo kudala kubusa inkulumo yemakethe yomhlaba. Nakuba izwe lami likwisikhundla esihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke esikalini sokukhiqiza insimbi engagqwali, lisekhona igebe elibalulekile lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla ezimakethe ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Mayelana nalokhu, izwe lami kufanele liqondise amabhizinisi abalulekile anezisekelo eziqinile kanye nezinhlelo eziqinile ze-R&D ukuze kusheshiswe uguquko oluya “kungcweti, ukunemba kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha”. Ngokusekela inqubomgomo kanye nokuthambekela kwezinsiza zemakethe, kufanele sikhuthaze amabhizinisi ukuthi enze impumelelo ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kwensimbi engagqwali kanye neminye imikhakha engaphansi, futhi sithuthukise inani elengeziwe lomkhiqizo ngamakhono ochwepheshe e-R&D; ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi ngokulawulwa kokukhiqiza okucolisisiwe, futhi kwakhiwe izinzuzo ezincintisanayo ezihlukanisiwe ngokusekelwe emizileni yezobuchwepheshe eyisici, futhi ekugcineni sibe sesimweni esizuzisa kakhulu ochungechungeni lwemboni yensimbi engenasici emhlabeni jikelele.
2.Qinisa uhlelo lokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe
Izinkampani zase-Japan ezifana ne-JFE kanye ne-Nippon Steel zenze amakhono aqhubekayo okuphindaphinda kwezobuchwepheshe ngokwakha uhlelo olusha olugcwele "lwezinguquko eziyisisekelo zocwaningo-uhlelo lokusebenza-industrial". Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabo kwe-R&D kudala kwaba ngaphezu kuka-3%, kuqinisekisa ubuholi babo bezobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zensimbi engagqwali. imboni yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali isenawo amaphutha kubuchwepheshe obubalulekile njengokuncibilikisa okuhlanzekile nokubumba okunembayo. Kudingeka ikhulise ngokuphawulekayo ukuqina kokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D, ithembele emabhizinisini ahamba phambili ekuhlanganiseni amanyuvesi, izikhungo zocwaningo kanye nabasebenzisi abazansi nomfula, yakhe inkundla yokuqamba entsha ehlanganyelwe yezimboni, izifundiswa, ucwaningo nokusebenzisa, igxile ezindaweni ezibalulekile ezifana nezinto ezimelana nemvelo ngokwedlulele kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezihlakaniphile, ukwenza ucwaningo oluhlanganyelwe, ukunqamula ukuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe bakwamanye amazwe ukuya “ebuholini bobuchwepheshe” busuka “ebuholini bobuchwepheshe”.
3.Yenza ngcono ukwakheka kwezimboni futhi uqinise ukuxhumana
Ngokuhlanganisa okuqhubekayo nokuhlelwa kabusha, izinkampani zensimbi engagqwali zaseYurophu nezaseMelika azigcinanga nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuhlelwa kwamandla okukhiqiza kwesifunda, kodwa futhi zakha uhlelo lwezimboni oluhlanganyelwayo olukhuphuka nomfula ongezansi oluhlanganisa izinsiza zezimayini, ukuncibilika nokucutshungulwa, kanye nezicelo zokugcina, ezithuthukisa ngempumelelo ukuzinza kwe-supply chain namandla okulawula izindleko. Nokho, imboni yezwe lami yensimbi engagqwali inezinkinga zamandla okukhiqiza ahlakazekile kanye nokungaxhumani kahle komfula kanye nokwehla nomfula. Izwe lami kufanele liqondise amabhizinisi aholayo ukuze anikeze umdlalo kumphumela wokuhlanganisa, futhi akhuthaze ukwakhiwa kochungechunge lwezimboni oludidiyelwe "lokuncibilikiswa kwempahla eluhlaza kanye nokucutshungulwa okujulile kwetheminali" ngokusebenza kwezimali kanye nokubambisana kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngaso leso sikhathi, qinisa ukusebenzisana kwamasu namazwe anemithombo yezimbiwa ze-nickel-chromium, abahlinzeki bemishini kanye nezimboni ezisezansi nomfula ukuze kwakhiwe iphethini yokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezinkulu nezinamandla.
4.Thuthukisa intuthuko eluhlaza kanye nekhabhoni ephansi
Ngokusetshenziswa okubanzi kobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza obufana nokugaywa kabusha okusebenzayo kwensimbi engagqwali (izinga lokusetshenziswa lidlula ama-60%) kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-cascade yamandla (amandla okukhiqiza amandla okushisa imfucuza afinyelela ku-15%), ukushuba kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni kwamabhizinisi ensimbi engagqwali e-EU kungaphansi kuka-20% kunesilinganiso somhlaba wonke, futhi bathathe isinyathelo sokulungisa izinqubomgomo zokuhweba emngceleni we-EU. Njengoba sibhekene nezingcindezi ezimbili zomgomo "wekhabhoni ekabili" kanye nezithiyo zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, izwe lami kufanele lisheshise ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zekhabhoni ephansi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo lisungule uhlelo lwe-carbon footprint accounting oluhlanganisa wonke umjikelezo wempilo, luhlanganise izindinganiso zokukhiqiza eziluhlaza kulo lonke uchungechunge njengokuthengwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukukhiqizwa nokucutshungulwa, ukusetshenzelwa kwempahla kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ze-carboneticet kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemakethe ye-carboneticerification ngokusebenzisa imakethe ye-carboneticerification kanye nokuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo oluhlaza.
5.Thuthukisa izwi lamazinga omhlaba
Njengamanje, ukubusa kohlelo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwensimbi engagqwali ikakhulukazi kusezandleni zezinkampani zase-Europe kanye nezaseMelika, okuholela emigomeni yezobuchwepheshe ehlala njalo ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo yezwe lami esezingeni eliphezulu. izwe lami kufanele lisekele izinhlangano zezimboni kanye namabhizinisi aholayo ukuthi abambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo emsebenzini we-International Organisation for Standardization, aguqule izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe zezwe lami emkhakheni wensimbi engagqwali eyivelakancane, ama-alloys ukumelana nokugqwala, njll. zibe izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, zikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa nokuboniswa "kwezindinganiso zamaShayina" emazweni nasezifundeni ezihambisana ne "Belt and steel stain" emhlabeni jikelele, futhi kuthuthukise izwi lemboni yami yensimbi emhlabeni jikelele. chain ngokusebenzisa okukhiphayo okujwayelekile, ukwephula ukubusa okujwayelekile kwamazwe aseYurophu naseMelika.
I-Royal Steel Co., Ltd. iyibhizinisi lesimanje elihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi, ukucubungula, ukuthengisa kanye nezinsizakalo zempahla. Ikomkhulu e-Tianjin, inkampani inemishini yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe, ithimba lochwepheshe lochwepheshe kanye nesistimu yokuphatha ikhwalithi ephelele, futhi izimisele ukuhlinzeka amakhasimende ngemikhiqizo yensimbi ephezulu kanye nezixazululo eziphelele. Ikakhulukazi sidayisa amakhoyili ashiswe ashisayo, amapuleti agoqelwe ngamakhaza, amapuleti anathayela, insimbi engagqwali, i-rebar, izintambo zocingo kanye neminye imikhiqizo yensimbi, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, izimoto, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, amandla kanye nezinye izimboni. Nikeza ngezinsizakalo zokucubungula ezenziwe ngezifiso njengokusika, ukugoba, ukushisela, kanye nokufutha ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zamakhasimende. Ngohlelo olusebenzayo lokugcinwa kwempahla kanye nezinhlelo, qinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ilethwa kumakhasimende ngesikhathi nangendlela ephephile.
I-Royal Steel Co., Ltd. ibilokhu ithatha "ukuqamba okusha, ikhwalithi, kanye nokuzibophezela" njengamagugu ayo ayisisekelo, ithuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo ukuhlelwa kochungechunge lwezimboni, futhi yakhuthaza ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukiswa kohlaza komkhakha. Ngokuzayo, sizoqhubeka nokusebenza ndawonye nabalingani basekhaya nabangaphandle ukuze kube nesimo sokuwina futhi sibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yomhlaba wonke!
IQEMBU LAKHONA
Ikheli
Indawo yemboni yokuthuthukisa i-Kangsheng,
Isifunda saseWuqing, idolobha laseTianjin, eChina.
Amahora
uMsombuluko-NgeSonto: Inkonzo yamahora angu-24
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-23-2025