Isakhiwo Sensimbi Ishedi Lensimbi Isakhiwo Sensimbi Esilungisiwe Isakhiwo Sensimbi Indlu Yokugcina Impahla
Insimbi yesakhiwo iwumkhiqizo wensimbi eqinile egoqwayo, ekhishwayo, noma enziwe ukuze yakhe izimo ezithile ezinobukhulu obunikeziwe obungasetshenziswa ngqo ekwakheni noma kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zokwakha, amabhuloho, izitshalo zezimboni, kanye nengqalasizinda ngenxa yamandla ayo, ukuqina, ukushibilika, kanye nekhono lokuthwala imithwalo esindayo.
Insimbi yesakhiwo ingakhiqizwa ngezimo, osayizi, kanye nezindinganiso ezahlukene kuye ngezidingo zephrojekthi. Ezinye zikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezigoqwa ngokushisa noma ezigoqwa ngokushisa, kanti ezinye zishintshwa ngamapuleti ensimbi ayisicaba noma anomumo. Okuvame kakhuluamaphrofayili ensimbi yesakhiwofakaImishayo ye-I, insimbi yesivinini esikhulu,insimbi yesiteshi sika-u, insimbi ye-engeli, futhiamapuleti ensimbi yekhabhoni.
Izindinganiso Zomhlaba Wonke zeIsakhiwo Sohlaka Lwensimbi
I-GB 50017 (eShayina): Indinganiso kazwelonke yaseShayina ehlanganisa imithwalo yomklamo, imininingwane, ukuqina, kanye nemibandela yokuphepha.
I-AISC (US): Umhlahlandlela owaziwa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika, ohlanganisa izindinganiso zomthwalo, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, kanye nokuxhumana.
I-BS 5950 (e-UK): Igxile ekulinganiseni ukuphepha, ukonga, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo.
EN 1993 - I-Eurocode 3 (EU): Uhlaka lwaseYurophu lomklamo ohlanganisiwe wezakhiwo zensimbi.
| Okujwayelekile | Izinga Likazwelonke | Izinga laseMelika | Izinga laseYurophu | |
| Isingeniso | Njengoba amazinga kazwelonke (i-GB) eyisisekelo, ehambisana nemigomo yemboni, igcizelela ukulawulwa okugcwele kwenqubo yokuklama, ukwakha kanye nokwamukelwa | Sigxile ezindinganisweni zezinto ze-ASTM kanye nemininingwane yokuklama ye-AISC, sigxila ekuhlanganiseni isitifiketi esizimele semakethe nezindinganiso zemboni. | Uchungechunge lwezindinganiso ze-EN (izindinganiso zaseYurophu) | |
| Izindinganiso Eziyinhloko | Izindinganiso zokuklama | I-GB 50017-2017 | I-AISC (AISC 360-16) | EN 1993 |
| Izindinganiso zezinto ezibonakalayo | I-GB/T 700-2006、GB/T 1591-2018 | I-ASTM International | Uchungechunge lwe-EN 10025 olwakhiwe yi-CEN | |
| Izindinganiso zokwakha nokwamukelwa | I-GB 50205-2020 | I-AWS D1.1 | Uchungechunge lwe-EN 1011 | |
| Izindinganiso eziqondene nomkhakha | Isibonelo, i-JT/T 722-2023 emkhakheni wamabhuloho, i-JGJ 99-2015 emkhakheni wokwakha | |||
| Izitifiketi Ezidingekayo | Iziqu zobungcweti zenkontileka yobunjiniyela besakhiwo sensimbi (ibanga elikhethekile, ibanga lokuqala, ibanga lesibili, ibanga lesithathu) | Isitifiketi se-AISC | UMark Mark, Isitifiketi se-DIN saseJalimane, Isitifiketi se-UK CARES | |
| Isitifiketi se-China Classification Society (CCS), isitifiketi sokufaneleka kwebhizinisi lokukhiqiza isakhiwo sensimbi | Isitifiketi se-FRA | |||
| Imibiko yokuhlola ngezakhiwo zemishini yezinto ezibonakalayo, ikhwalithi yokushisela, njll. ekhishwe yi-ejensi yokuhlola evela eceleni | I-ASME | |||
| Imininingwane: | |
| Uhlaka Lwensimbi Oluyinhloko | Ugongolo lwensimbi olunesigaba H kanye namakholomu, olupendwe noma olufakwe i-galvanized, olunesigaba C noma ipayipi lensimbi elifakwe i-galvanized, njll. |
| Uhlaka Lwesibili | i-hot dip galvanised C-purlin, i-steel bracing, i-tie bar, i-knee brace, i-edge cover, njll. |
| Iphaneli Yophahla | Iphaneli yesangweji ye-EPS, iphaneli yesangweji yefayibha yeglasi, iphaneli yesangweji ye-Rockwool, kanye nesangweji ye-PU iphaneli noma ipuleti lensimbi, njll. |
| Iphaneli Yodonga | iphaneli yesangweji noma ishidi lensimbi egobile, njll. |
| Induku Yokubopha | ishubhu yensimbi eyindilinga |
| I-brace | ibha eyindilinga |
| Ibhande Lamadolo | insimbi ye-engeli |
| Imidwebo kanye Nesilinganiso: | |
| (1) Umklamo owenziwe ngokwezifiso uyamukelwa. | |
| (2) Ukuze sikunike ikhotheshini nemidwebo eqondile, sicela usazise ubude, ububanzi, ukuphakama kwe-eve, kanye nesimo sezulu sendawo. izokucaphuna ngokushesha. | |
Isakhiwo SensimbiIzigaba
Amaphrofayili ensimbi yesakhiwo angatholakala ezindinganisweni zomhlaba noma angenziwa njengamaphrofayili enziwe ngokwezifiso futhi anelungelo uma izidingo zobunjiniyela kanye nephrojekthi zidinga kanjalo. Izingxenye ezahlukene zensimbi zakhiwe ukuze zinikeze amandla, ukuzinza kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okuthile kwesakhiwo nokwakhiwa.
1. I-I-Beams (Izigaba)
I-I-beams ingenye yamaphrofayili ensimbi yesakhiwo asetshenziswa kakhulu. Anesigaba esifana "no-I" futhi aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngomthamo omkhulu wokuthwala umthwalo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisebenza kahle.
I-UK:I-Universal Beams (UB) kanye ne-Universal Columns (UC)
IYurophu:I-IPE, i-HE, i-HL, i-HD, nezinye izigaba ezijwayelekile zaseYurophu
I-USA:Imishayo ye-Wide Flange (emise okwe-W noma okufana no-W) kanye nezingxenye ezimise okwe-H
Izicelo:Uhlaka lwezakhiwo, amabhuloho, izakhiwo zezimboni, kanye nezinhlelo zokusekela ezisindayo
2. Imishayo ye-Z
Ama-Z-beams anesigatshana esinomumo ka-Z esinama-half-flanges angemuva, anikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuqina kuya kwesisindo. Avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga izingxenye zesakhiwo ezilula kodwa eziqinile.
Izicelo:Uhlaka lwensimbi, izinhlelo zophahla, kanye nezakhiwo zezimboni
3. Izingxenye Zesakhiwo Ezingenalutho (i-HSS)
I-HSS, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Structural Hollow Sections (SHS), yiziphrofayili zensimbi ezivaliwe ezinezingaphakathi ezingenalutho. Zitholakala ngezimo eziningana:
Izingxenye Ezinezimbobo Eziyisikwele (SHS)
Izingxenye Eziyimbobo Ezingunxande (RHS)
Izingxenye Eziyindilinga Ezingenalutho (CHS)
Izingxenye Eziyindilinga Eziyimbobo
Izicelo: Izakhiwo zensimbi, amakholomu, ama-trusses, izinhlaka zezakhiwo, namabhuloho
4. Ama-Engela Ensimbi (Izingxenye ze-L)
Ama-engeli ensimbi anesigaba esifana no-L futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ekuqiniseni nasekufakeni uhlaka. Angakhiqizwa njengama-engeli alinganayo noma ama-engeli angalingani.
Izicelo:Imibhoshongo, izisekelo, amabhuleki, ozimele, kanye nokwakhiwa okuvamile
5. Iziteshi Zesakhiwo (Izigaba C)
Insimbi yesiteshi inesigaba esifana no-C, esinikeza ukumelana okuhle kokugoba kanye nokufakwa okulula.
Izicelo:Amafreyimu okwakha, izisekelo zemishini, izakhiwo zezimoto, kanye namaphrojekthi okwenziwa kwensimbi
6. Imisebe ye-T (Izigaba ze-T)
Ama-T-beam ane-cross-section emise okwe-T, equkethe i-flange kanye ne-web eqondile. Avame ukusetshenziswa lapho kudingeka khona ukwesekwa komthwalo oqonde ohlangothini olulodwa.
Izicelo:Izinhlelo zaphansi, amabhuloho, kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo eziqinisiwe
7. Amabha Esakhiwo
Imigoqo yensimbi yizingxenye eziqinile ezinezingxenye eziyisikwele kodwa zincane ngobubanzi uma ziqhathaniswa namapuleti ensimbi.
Izicelo:Ukwakhiwa, izingxenye zokuqinisa, izingxenye zemishini, kanye nokuxhumana kwesakhiwo
8. Izinduku Zensimbi
Izinduku zensimbi ziyizingxenye eziqinile eziyindilinga noma eziyisikwele ezinobude obukhulu kakhulu kunobubanzi bazo.
Izicelo:Izinduku zokubopha, ukuqinisa, izisekelo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zemishini
9. Amapuleti Ensimbi
Amapuleti ensimbi ayimikhiqizo yensimbi eyisicaba enobukhulu obuvame ukuba ngaphezu kuka-6 mm (1/4 intshi). Atholakala ngamamaki nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesakhiwo.
Izicelo:Ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, amabhuloho, imikhumbi yokucindezela, imishini esindayo, kanye nezakhiwo zensimbi
Izakhiwo zensimbi zibhekisela ezakhiweni noma kwezinye izingqalasizinda ezakhiwe ngensimbi ngokuyinhloko. Ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, isisindo esilula, isivinini sokwakha esisheshayo, kanye nokusebenza okuhle kokuzamazama komhlaba, izakhiwo zensimbi zisetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kufaka phakathi:
I-Civil Engineering
Izitshalo Zezimboni: Izitshalo ezisetshenziswa kubunjiniyela bemishini, i-metallurgy, imboni yamakhemikhali, njll.
Indawo yokugcina impahla: Izindawo zokugcina impahla ezinkulu ezihlanganisiwe, izindawo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo, njll.
Izakhiwo Eziphakeme Neziphakeme Kakhulu: Uhlaka oluyinhloko lwezakhiwo eziphakeme.
Izakhiwo Zomphakathi: Izinkundla zemidlalo, amahholo ombukiso, amathiyetha, iziteshi zezindiza, njll.
Izakhiwo Zokuhlala: Izakhiwo zokuhlala ezisebenzisa izakhiwo zohlaka lwensimbi.
Ingqalasizinda Yezokuthutha
Ubunjiniyela bebhuloho: Amabhuloho esitimela, amabhuloho omgwaqo omkhulu, namabhuloho amade.
Ukuhamba Ngesitimela: Iziteshi zesitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu, iziteshi zesitimela ezihamba ngaphansi komhlaba, kanye nezimoto zokuhamba ngesitimela.
Ubunjiniyela Obukhethekile Nemishini
Ubunjiniyela Basemanzini: Ukubhoboza uwoyela olwandle (izakhiwo zejakethi, amapulatifomu, njll.)
Ukwakha imikhumbi
Imishini yokuphakamisa nokwakha esindayo; amakhreyini nezimoto zobunjiniyela ezikhethekile
Imishini Emikhulu kanye Neziqukathi: Ozimele bemishini kanye namathangi okugcina izinto ezimbonini
Izinsizakalo Ezikhethekile Zasekhaya
Ukwakhiwa Kwesikhashana: Izindlu zosizo lwezinhlekelele, amahholo emiboniso yesikhashana, izakhiwo ezilungisiwe
Ukusekelwa kwama-domes engilazi ezindaweni ezinkulu zokuthenga
Ukonga Amandla: Imibhoshongo ye-wind turbine (eyenziwe ngamapuleti ensimbi aqinile) kanye nezakhiwo zamaphaneli elanga
Inqubo Yokusika
1. Ukulungiselela Kwangaphambi Kokuqala
Ukuhlolwa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile
Ukuhumusha Umdwebo
2. Ukukhetha Indlela Yokusika Efanele
Ukusika Amalangabi: Ifanele insimbi ethambile ejiyile kanye nensimbi engenangxube eningi, ifanele imishini eqinile.
Ukusika Ijethi Yamanzi: Ifanele izinto ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi insimbi ezwela ukushisa noma izingxenye eziqondile nezinomumo okhethekile.
Ukucubungula Ukushisela
Ukushisela kuyisakhiwo esiyisisekelo ekukhiqizweni kwezakhiwo zensimbi. Ngokusebenzisa ukushisa, ingcindezi, noma kokubili, ngezinto zokugcwalisa noma ezingenazo, ukubopha kwe-athomu kumiswa phakathi kwezindawo zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe okuholela ekuhlanganiseni okuqinile, okuhlangene kwesakhiwo. Ukushisela kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlanganisa amalungu ensimbi, ngakho-ke kunomthelela oqondile emandleni, ekuzinzeni, ekuqineni nasekuphepheni kwezakhiwo zensimbi. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ezakhiweni, emabhulohweni, emishinini yezimboni, emikhunjini nasezingqalasizinda.
Inqubo Yokushisela Nokulawula Ikhwalithi
Ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukushisela, inqubo yokushisela ichazwa ngokuqinile ngokwemidwebo yokwakha,imininingwane yenqubo yokushisela (i-WPS), futhiImibiko yokufaneleka kwenqubo yokushisela (i-PQR)Amapharamitha adingekayo afaka:
Uhlobo Lokuhlanganiswa Kwe-Weld:Thola indlela yokuxhuma, njengezihlanganisi zezinqe, izihlanganisi ze-fillet, izihlanganisi ze-T, izihlanganisi zekona, kanye nezihlanganisi zamathanga.
Umklamo we-Groove kanye nobukhulu:Cacisa i-angle yomsele, igebe lempande, ubuso bempande, kanye nendlela yokulungiselela ukuqinisekisa ukungena kahle kwe-weld kanye namandla.
Izidingo Zosayizi Wokushisela:Chaza ubukhulu bomphimbo wokushisela, usayizi womlenze, ubude bokushisela, kanye nezidingo zokuqinisa ngokwezindinganiso zokwakheka kwesakhiwo.
Isikhundla Sokushisela:Thola izindawo zokushisela, okuhlanganisa ukushisela okuyisicaba, okuvundlile, okuqondile, kanye nokuphezulu, ukuqinisekisa amasu okushisela afanele.
Ibanga Lekhwalithi Yokushisela:Misa izindlela zokwamukela kanye nezidingo zokuhlola ngokusekelwe ezicacisweni zephrojekthi kanye nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke.
Ukucubungula Ukushaya
Inqubo yokubhoboza ingenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokucubungula ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sensimbi esikhiqiza imigodi emalungeni ensimbi akhiwe ngomshini noma ngokomzimba ngokomdwebo noma umklamo wobunjiniyela. Lezi zimbobo zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuxhuma amalungu ensimbi, ukuhlela amabhawodi, ukufaka amapayipi nokufaka izesekeli futhi lezi zimbobo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganisweni okunembile nokusebenza kahle kwamalunga.
Inqubo Yokushaya Nezidingo
Ngaphambi kokubhoboza noma ukubhoboza, imininingwane yembobo inqunywa ngokusekelwe ku-imidwebo yokwakheka kwesakhiwo, imidwebo yokwenziwa, kanye nezidingo zephrojekthi, kufaka phakathi:
Indawo Yembobo: Chaza indawo eqondile yembobo usebenzisa ubukhulu be-coordinate ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana okunembile ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa.
Inani Lemigodi: Cacisa inani elidingekayo kanye nokuhlelwa kwemigodi ngokuya ngomklamo wokuxhuma.
Ububanzi bembobo: Nquma ubukhulu bemigodi ngokusekelwe ezicacisweni zebholidi, izinhlobo zokuxhuma, kanye nezindinganiso zobunjiniyela.
Izidingo Zokunemba:
Izimbobo ezijwayelekile zebholithi:ukubekezelelana ngokuvamile kungaphakathi kuka-±1 mm
Izimbobo zebholithi ezinamandla aphezulu:izidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kuka-±0.5 mm
Uhlobo lwembobo:Khetha ukuma kwembobo okufanele, okuhlanganisa:
Kusetshenziswa izindlela eziningi zokwelapha ubuso njengokupenda, ukugaya ngogesiizakhiwo zesakhiwo sensimbiukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo kuukuvikelwa kokugqwala, ukuvimbela ukugqwala, ukuqina kanye nobuhle.
Ukuhlanganisa nge-galvanizing
Inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuvikelwa kwesikhathi eside, ifanelekela izindawo zangaphandle nezinzima.
Ukugqoka Okuyimpuphu
Inikeza imibala eyahlukahlukene, ukumelana nesimo sezulu okuqinile, kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo okukhangayo.
Isimbozo se-Epoxy
Inikeza ukugqwala okuhle kakhulu kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali, ilungele izindawo ezinzima.
Isimbozo Esicebile Nge-Epoxy Zinc
Isebenzisa okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-zinc ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okusebenzayo kokugqwala kwe-electrochemical.
Ukudweba
Isixazululo esiguquguqukayo nesingabizi kakhulu esinemibala ehlukahlukene kanye nokuqedwa kwezidingo ezahlukene zephrojekthi.
Ukugqoka Amafutha Amnyama
Inketho engabizi yokuvikela ukugqwala okuyisisekelo ngesikhathi sokugcina, ukuthuthwa, noma ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esifushane.
Ithimba lethu lonjiniyela bezakhiwo abaphezulu kanye nochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe linolwazi oluningi lwephrojekthi kanye nemibono yokuklama ethuthukisiwe, futhi lijwayelene nobuchwepheshe bezakhiwo zensimbi kanye nezindinganiso zemboni.
Sisebenzisa isofthiwe yokuklama yobungcweti, okuhlanganisaIzakhiwo ze-AutoCAD ne-Tekla, ukuthuthukisa uhlelo oluphelele lokuklama okubonakalayo olubonisa ngokunembile ubukhulu bezingxenye, ukucushwa kwama-node, kanye nezakhiwo zendawo, kusukela kumamodeli e-3D kuya kumidwebo yobunjiniyela be-2D.
Izinsizakalo zethu zimboza yonke inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi, kusukela ekwakhiweni komqondo kwasekuqaleni kuya emidwebweni yokwakha enemininingwane, kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwama-node ayinkimbinkimbi kuya ekuqinisekisweni kwesakhiwo okuphelele.
Silawula ngokucophelela yonke imininingwane, sifinyelela ukunemba kwezinga lamamilimitha ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwenzeka kokwakha okuhle kakhulu.
Sihlala sigxile kumakhasimende. Ngokuqhathanisa okuphelele kwezixazululo kanye nokulingisa ukuziphatha kwemishini, sakha izixazululo zokuklama ezingabizi kakhulu zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene (izitshalo zezimboni, izakhiwo zezentengiselwano, amabhuloho, kanye nezindawo zokuhamba ngamabhodi, njll.). Ngenkathi siqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesakhiwo, sinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto futhi senze lula izinqubo zokwakha. Sihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo eziphelele ngemuva kokuthengisa, kusukela ekudonsweni kokulethwa kuya ekuqondisweni kobuchwepheshe endaweni. Ubungcweti bethu busho ukuthi ungasithemba; sizoletha yonke iphrojekthi yesakhiwo sensimbi ngesikhathi. Sithuthuke saba ngumlingani wokuklama othembekile we-one stop.
Ukupakisha kanye nokuthuthwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuvikela izingxenye zesakhiwo sensimbi ekulimaleni, ekugqwaleni, nasekuguquguqukeni ngesikhathi sokuphathwa nokulethwa.
Izindlela Zokupakisha
Izingxenye zesakhiwo sensimbi zihlanganiswa futhi ziqiniswe ngezintambo zensimbi ukuze kulayishwe futhi kuthululwe ngokuphephile.
Izindawo zivikelwe ngezinto ezingangeni manzi ukuvimbela umswakama nokugqwala.
Izingxenye ziphawulwe ngamalebula, imidwebo, kanye nezinombolo zokuhlonza ukuze kube lula ukuhlanganisa.
Izixazululo zokupakisha ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziyatholakala ngokwezidingo zephrojekthi kanye nezimo zokuthumela.
Izindlela Zokuthutha
Impahla Yasolwandle:Indlela evame kakhulu yokulethwa kwezakhiwo ezinkulu zensimbi emhlabeni jikelele, kusetshenziswa izitsha noma imikhumbi emikhulu.
Ezokuthutha Emgwaqweni:Ilungele ukulethwa kwendawo kanye nokuthuthwa kwezingxenye zensimbi ezilungisiwe.
Ukuphathwa kokupakisha nokuthutha kobungcweti kuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yesakhiwo sensimbi ifika ngokuphephile, igcina ikhwalithi, futhi isekela ukufakwa okuphumelelayo endaweni.
Ezokuthutha:Ukulethwa Okusheshayo (Ukulethwa Okuyisampula), Umoya, Isitimela, Umhlaba, Isitimela, Ukuthunyelwa Kwasolwandle (i-FCL noma i-LCL noma i-Bulk)
Kusukela ekuhlinzekweni kuya ekufakweni kwezimali, ithimba lethu lochwepheshe linani lonke ithuba lephrojekthi ebushelelezi nephumelelayo. Sinikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe, umsizi wokufaka kanye nensizakalo yasensimini ukuze sithuthukise izinhlelo zokwakha futhi siqinisekise ukuphepha, ukuzinza kanye nekhwalithi yezakhiwo zensimbi.
Ekuthengisweni kwangemva kokuthengisa, sinikeza amathiphu okulungisa, imiyalelo yokunakekelwa komkhiqizo kanye nokubonisana ngobuchwepheshe ngokwesici sesakhiwo sensimbi. Uma kukhona inkinga ngesikhathi sisebenzisa, isevisi yethu yangemva kokuthengisa izophendulwa ngokushesha futhi kuzophakanyiswa izixazululo zobungcweti ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesakhiwo isikhathi eside kanye nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.
U: Yiziphi izinhlobo zezakhiwo zensimbi enizihlinzekayo?
A: Sihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezahlukahlukene zesakhiwo sensimbi, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokugcina izimpahla zensimbi, ama-workshop, izakhiwo zezimboni, ozimele bensimbi, amabhuloho, kanye nezakhiwo zensimbi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zephrojekthi.
Q: Ingabe izakhiwo zensimbi zingenziwa ngokwezifiso?
A: Yebo. Sinikeza izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe kumidwebo yakho, ubukhulu, izidingo zomthwalo, imininingwane yomklamo, kanye nezimo zephrojekthi.
U: Uqinisekisa kanjani ikhwalithi yesakhiwo sensimbi?
A: Senza ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwezinto, ukuhlolwa kokushisela, ukuhlolwa kobukhulu, ukuhlolwa kokwelashwa kwendawo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kokugcina.
Q: Izakhiwo zensimbi zipakishwa futhi zilethwa kanjani?
A: Izingxenye zensimbi zihlanganiswa ngokuphephile, zifakwe ilebula, futhi zivikelwe ngezinto ezingangeni manzi ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Izinketho zokuhamba zifaka phakathi imithwalo yolwandle ngokwezidingo zephrojekthi.
U: Ingabe ninikeza ukwesekwa kokufakwa kanye nokwesekwa kwangemva kokuthengisa?
A: Yebo. Sinikeza isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe, ukwesekwa kokufakwa, izincomo zokugcinwa, kanye nensizakalo yobungcweti ngemuva kokuthengisa kuyo yonke impilo yephrojekthi.
-
I-Q345b Grade Hot Rolled / Cold Drawn Carbon Flat ...
-
Izakhiwo Zensimbi Yezolimo Ezisenziwe Ngaphambi Kobunjiniyela | B...
-
Ukunikezwa Kwefektri NM360/NM400/NM450/NM500/NM550 Thina...
-
Ama-Q235 / Q235B Amashidi Ensimbi Agoqiwe Ashisayo e-E...
-
Ishubhu Yensimbi Yesakhiwo se-HSS (Isikwele kanye ne-Rectan ...
-
Ipayipi/iThubhu Yensimbi Yekhabhoni Engenamthungo ye-ASTM A106 GR.B ...
